Cyprus has achieved one of the highest shares of renewable energy production in the European Union, with renewables covering 96% of domestic energy output.
High dependence on oil
Despite this, Cyprus remains highly dependent on oil products. In 2024, 86% of available energy came from crude oil and petroleum products, and the country imported 96% of its energy from oil, the highest dependence rate in the EU.
EU energy mix
Across the European Union, 43% of energy in 2024 came from domestic production and 57% from imports. The EU energy mix mainly consists of crude oil and petroleum products (38%), natural gas (21%), renewables (20%), nuclear energy (12%) and solid fuels (10%).
Renewables lead EU production
Renewable sources dominated EU production in 2024, accounting for 48% of total output. Nuclear energy followed with 28%, solid fuels 15%, natural gas 5% and crude oil 3%. Energy production varies significantly across member states, with nuclear energy leading in France, Slovakia and Belgium, while solid fuels dominate in Poland, Estonia and the Czech Republic.
Imports and major suppliers
Oil products were the largest import category for the EU, accounting for 67% of imports, followed by natural gas (24%), solid fuels (4%), electricity (3%) and renewables (2%). Cyprus recorded the highest oil import dependency at 86%, followed by Malta, Sweden and Greece. The main EU suppliers were the United States for oil, Norway for natural gas, and Australia for solid fuels.
Energy dependency in the EU
The EU’s overall energy import dependency in 2024 was 57%, with significant variation across member states. Malta reached 98%, Luxembourg 91%, Cyprus 88%, while Estonia had the lowest at 5%.
Also read: Oil prices surge above $100 a barrel for the first time since 2022
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