Study explores less invasive screening method
Testing period blood for signs of cervical cancer could be an accurate and convenient way of screening for the disease, researchers say. The period blood cervical test is being explored as a potential alternative to current screening methods.
The current NHS test involves a nurse or doctor taking a sample of cells from the cervix, but around a third of women invited for screening do not attend.
At-home testing using menstrual blood
A study of the new test, which can be carried out at home, used blood collected on a cotton strip attached to a standard sanitary pad.
Cervical cancer charities say finding new and potentially gentler ways of testing for the disease is encouraging and could improve access, although it is still early days for this research.
The NHS is already sending at-home test kits to women in some areas of England who have missed several cervical screening appointments. These DIY kits, which contain a vaginal swab, are expected to be rolled out more widely later this year.
Why many miss cervical screening
Cervical screening appointments are offered every five years to all women, and anyone with a cervix, aged between 25 and 64 in the UK. Screening looks for high-risk types of human papillomavirus (HPV), which can cause cancer.
The test involves a speculum being inserted into the vagina to allow access to the cervix. However, research shows that five million women are not up to date with screening, with reasons including fear, pain, and discomfort.
“Cervical screening can be difficult for some women for many reasons,” said Athena Lamnisos from charity The Eve Appeal, citing previous bad experiences, menopause, disability, cultural barriers, or experiences of sexual violence.
Younger women, those with disabilities, and people from ethnic minority communities and LGBT+ groups are more likely to miss appointments, officials say.
Research findings and limitations
The study, carried out by Chinese researchers and published in The BMJ, involved more than 3,000 women aged between 20 and 54. It compared menstrual blood samples collected on mini-pads with samples taken by clinicians.
When analysed, the researchers found the period blood cervical test was nearly as effective at identifying those with the disease and very effective at ruling out those who did not have it. Participants were informed of their results through a specially designed app.
Researchers said using menstrual blood for HPV testing was convenient, respected privacy, and reduced discomfort.
However, experts noted the test is not an immediate alternative to current screening, as only women who menstruate could use it. Others cautioned that the study may have overestimated performance, as not all participants underwent a biopsy to confirm results.
Sophie Brooks from Cancer Research UK described the research as encouraging, but said further studies involving more diverse groups were needed before such testing could be integrated into existing screening programmes.
Athena Lamnisos added that offering a choice of screening methods could help reach people who are currently eligible but do not attend appointments.
Source: BBC News
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