Expert outlines origins of the virus
A detailed explanation of hantavirus transmission was provided by Professor of Medicine at the University of Nicosia, Petros Karayiannis, during an appearance on Πρωτοσέλιδο, Sigma TV’s morning programme.
He noted that the virus is not new, having first been isolated around 1972 in South Korea during the Korean War, when infected soldiers were identified near the Hantan River, from which the virus takes its name.
Different strains and syndromes
The expert explained that another strain was identified in North America in 1993, with the two strains linked to different syndromes.
The Eastern strain is associated with haemorrhagic fever and renal complications, while the strain found in North and South America is linked to pulmonary syndrome, making them distinct forms of the virus.
How hantavirus spreads
Discussing hantavirus transmission, the professor clarified that infections are not easily spread from person to person.
Referring to cruise ship cases, he explained that infections likely originated from a common source rather than transmission between passengers.
He added that the virus is typically spread through contact with rodent excretions, including faeces, urine, or saliva, with rats being the primary carriers.
Risks in enclosed environments
Special mention was made of conditions on ships, where rodents may contaminate food if proper precautions are not taken.
In cases involving pulmonary syndrome, the virus can be airborne, meaning infection may occur through inhalation of contaminated particles.
Severity and mortality rates
The professor noted that the pulmonary form of the virus can lead to acute respiratory failure and may require intubation if not treated promptly.
Mortality rates for this syndrome range between 30% and 60% without timely treatment, while the haemorrhagic form has a lower mortality rate of between 1% and 15%.
No vaccine or specific treatment
He stressed that, as with most viruses, there is currently no vaccine or antiviral treatment available, with medical care focusing on managing symptoms.
Low risk for Cyprus
Regarding Cyprus, the expert appeared reassuring, stating that the virus is not currently present on the island.
However, he noted a potential risk could arise if infected rodents from ships arriving at local ports were to enter the local population.
Despite this, the overall risk remains low, particularly given Cyprus’s geographic isolation.
Also read: Hantavirus outbreak confirmed on board MV Hondius cruise ship
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