Firearm method strictly regulated
The use of firearms for animal culling is not standard practice in EU slaughterhouses but is explicitly permitted under strict conditions, according to Regulation (EC) 1099/2009 on the protection of animals at the time of killing.
Annex I of the Regulation describes the “firearm with free projectile” method as causing “severe and irreversible damage to the brain” through projectile impact. This method may be applied to all animal species, not only during slaughter but also for depopulation or situations requiring immediate killing.
Ensuring minimal pain and rapid death
The Regulation emphasises that every killing procedure must avoid “any avoidable pain, distress or suffering” for the animal. Firearm use is considered acceptable only when it guarantees immediate loss of consciousness and rapid death. In practice, organised slaughterhouses primarily use controlled stunning techniques, while firearms are reserved for exceptional circumstances.
Emergency and depopulation scenarios
The Regulation explicitly allows immediate killing in emergencies, such as severely injured or untreatable animals, or when an animal may endanger human life. Firearms are also used during depopulation campaigns for public health, animal health, or environmental reasons, under action plans set by authorities.
Veterinary Services respond to viral video
In response to a circulating video showing cattle being killed with firearms, Veterinary Services clarified that the method is permitted under Regulation (EC) 1099/2009 as part of measures to eradicate foot-and-mouth disease.
Authorities emphasised that firearms cause instant death without prior pain or distress and that all culling is carried out by trained personnel. They noted that such procedures are not pleasant or preferred but are necessary for disease control.
Also read: Foot-and-mouth disease culling completed
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