The United States is reportedly exploring the possibility of deploying NATO nuclear weapons in additional European member states, in a move aimed at reassuring allies amid shifting US defence priorities.
According to the Financial Times, American officials are open to expanding beyond the six countries currently hosting aircraft capable of carrying nuclear weapons.
The discussions remain confidential and may not result in any immediate policy changes.
Strengthening the nuclear deterrence framework
The potential expansion would allow more countries to host so-called dual-capable aircraft, which can carry both conventional and nuclear weapons.
The NATO nuclear weapons framework is designed to reinforce deterrence while ensuring that operational control remains with the United States.
Officials familiar with the talks say the aim is to demonstrate Washington’s continued commitment to Europe’s nuclear “umbrella” at a time when European allies are expected to increase their conventional defence spending.
Interest from Eastern European allies
Countries on NATO’s eastern flank, including Poland and several Baltic states, have reportedly shown strong interest in hosting nuclear capabilities.
Poland has repeatedly expressed its willingness to participate in the programme, with former president Andrzej Duda publicly calling for expanded nuclear sharing arrangements.
Officials say NATO nuclear weapons discussions are ongoing within alliance structures, with countries closest to Russia seen as the most supportive of expansion.
Russia’s war in Ukraine reshapes defence debate
The war in Ukraine following the Russian invasion has significantly influenced NATO’s strategic calculations.
Statements by Russian President Vladimir Putin regarding Moscow’s nuclear capabilities have further increased pressure on NATO members to strengthen deterrence measures.
However, sources stressed that any agreement to expand nuclear hosting arrangements is not expected in the near term.
Current NATO nuclear sharing arrangements
At present, NATO’s nuclear sharing programme includes Belgium, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Under the arrangement, nuclear weapons remain under full US control, with Washington retaining sole authority over any decision to use them.
European security concerns persist
Recent US policy decisions under President Donald Trump, including troop adjustments and shifts in military priorities towards Asia, have raised concerns among European allies.
Despite increased European defence spending, US nuclear deterrence remains a central pillar of NATO security strategy.
NATO Secretary-General Mark Rutte has recently stressed that the alliance’s overall deterrence posture must remain strong, warning of severe consequences for any potential aggression.
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