From 25 February 2026, the UK introduces an electronic travel authorisation (ETA) system for most visitors from 85 visa-free countries, including the US and Australia. The government says the ETA will streamline immigration, improve security, and speed up travel.
What is an ETA?
An ETA is a digital travel permission allowing visits to the UK for up to six months. It covers tourism, business, short-term study, and transit travel that requires passing through border control.
- Valid for two years or until the passport expires
- Allows multiple journeys to the UK
- Longer stays, work, or extended study still require a visa
British and Irish citizens, as well as some other exempt travellers, do not need an ETA.
How to apply for an ETA
Applications are made through the official UK government app on Google Play or the Apple App Store. Applicants must provide:
- Contact details and passport information
- A suitable photo
- Answers to a set of questions
Cost: £16 (rising to £20 in the future)
Processing: Most applicants receive an automatic decision within minutes, but the government recommends applying at least three working days before travel.
Rejected applicants will be informed why and must apply for a visa if they still wish to travel.
Enforcement of ETA
- Airlines, rail, and shipping companies can verify ETAs digitally before boarding
- ETA is linked to your passport; a paper copy is optional
- ETA permits travel but does not guarantee entry; travellers may be refused at passport control
Challenges for dual nationals
Dual nationals – those holding British and another nationality – cannot use an ETA. They must travel with:
- A British passport, or
- A digital certificate of entitlement for their second nationality passport
Both documents take weeks to obtain and involve costs (£100 for a British passport, £589 for the certificate). Many dual nationals have faced difficulties adjusting to the new rules, especially if they have been outside the UK.
Global context
ETAs are already used in countries such as Canada and the US, although fees differ:
- Canada: 7 CAD (£3.78)
- US: $40.27 (£29.75)
The UK scheme aims to align with international standards while modernising its immigration system.
Also read: UK dual nationality passport rules spark scramble
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